How to Upgrade from Debian 10 to Debian 12: A Comprehensive Guide

Why Upgrade to Debian 12?

Upgrading to Debian 12 (Bookworm) offers numerous advantages:

  • Enhanced security with the latest patches
  • Improved system performance and efficiency
  • Access to new software versions and features
  • Extended long-term support

Preparing for the Upgrade

Before starting the upgrade process:

  1. Back up all important data and configurations
  2. Ensure sufficient disk space for the upgrade
  3. Review the Debian 12 release notes
  4. Update all existing packages on your current system

Upgrading from Debian 10 to Debian 11

  1. Update existing packages:
    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  2. Edit the APT sources list:
    sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
    Replace all instances of "buster" with "bullseye"
  3. Update package information:
    sudo apt update
  4. Perform a minimal upgrade:
    sudo apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs
  5. Upgrade the entire system:
    sudo apt full-upgrade -y
  6. Reboot the system:
    sudo reboot
  7. Verify the upgrade:
    lsb_release -a

Upgrading from Debian 11 to Debian 12

  1. Update existing packages:
    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  2. Edit the APT sources list:
    sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
    Replace all instances of "bullseye" with "bookworm"
  3. Update package information:
    sudo apt update
  4. Perform a minimal upgrade:
    sudo apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs
  5. Upgrade the entire system:
    sudo apt full-upgrade -y
  6. Reboot the system:
    sudo reboot
  7. Verify the upgrade:
    lsb_release -a

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